What type of transformer is designed to reduce voltage?

A step-down transformer is specifically designed to reduce voltage from a higher level to a lower level. The way this transformer functions is through the use of windings: it has more turns of wire (windings) on the primary side, which is connected to the higher voltage source, and fewer turns on the secondary side, where the reduced voltage is delivered.

This configuration allows the transformer to convert high-voltage electricity into a lower voltage suitable for various applications, such as residential usage or powering equipment that cannot operate at higher voltages. It's crucial for applications where lower voltage is needed to ensure safety and compatibility with devices.

The other types of transformers listed serve different purposes. A step-up transformer increases voltage, making it appropriate for applications where higher voltage is necessary. An isolation transformer provides electrical isolation between two circuits without changing the voltage level, often used for safety. A three-phase transformer is designed to handle three-phase electrical systems and is more complex, serving to manage phase differences rather than altering voltage levels specifically for reduction.