What are the common types of electrical motors used in HVAC systems?

The correct answer identifies the most commonly used types of electrical motors in HVAC systems, which are induction motors, synchronous motors, and permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors.

Induction motors are prevalent in HVAC applications due to their durability, simplicity, and efficiency. They are robust and can handle different loads, making them ideal for driving fans and compressors in heating, cooling, and ventilation systems.

Synchronous motors are also suitable for HVAC applications, particularly in high-efficiency systems. They maintain a constant speed regardless of load variations, which is advantageous in processes needing precise timing and operations.

Permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors are frequently used in fan applications within HVAC systems. They are designed to operate efficiently at a relatively low cost and are favored for their ability to start smoothly and run quietly.

The other options mention motor types that are less common in HVAC applications. Brushless DC motors and stepper motors, while efficient and precise, are typically utilized in applications requiring finer control rather than in standard HVAC scenarios. Universal motors and gear motors may also find niche applications but do not serve as the workhorses of HVAC systems. Lastly, rotary motors, servomotors, and linear motors are more specialized and are not commonly found in traditional HVAC installations.